Cyclone Separator

Cyclone Separators are normally used for the collection of the coarse dust particles. In a cyclone separator, dusty air is introduced at the top of a cyclone through the inlet pipe located tangentially to the cylindrical portion. The gases then move downwards in a whirling motion, forming a peripheral vortex and giving rise to centrifugal forces, resulting in a throwing of the dust particles towards the walls, which then move downwards into the hopper and are removed through the draw-off pipe. The gases, after reaching the end of the conical portion, change direction and move upwards towards the outlet, forming an inner vortex. In this upward movement of gases against gravity, more dust particles are separated and fall into a conical hopper for subsequent removal.

Advantages :

• Stable pressure drop for a given gas flow
• Constant efficiency for a given particulate condition
• No moving parts; no replaceable filters
• Ability to handle extremely high dust concentration
• High temperature capability

Efficiency :

On Industrial Coarse Particulate FD Cyclones are 95% to 98% efficient.  Efficiency is a function of the physical parameters of the application and the design parameters of the cyclone.  Cyclone efficiency increases with:

• Coarse particle size distribution
• Higher product specific gravity
• Lower gas density

A decrease in cyclone diameter (two smaller cyclones in parallel will have a higher efficiency than one larger cyclone with an equal pressure drop) Smaller outlet diameter.  An increase in pressure drop also results.

Efficiency and pressure drop are also affected by barrel length, outlet length, inlet configuration, and design of the internal cone.  These factors are optimized to result in the maximum possible efficiency at a practical overall size and pressure drop.